Hyperglycemia (High Blood Sugar)
by Admin
Posted on 05-01-2023 11:01 PM
Hyperglycemia, or high blood glucose, occurs when there is too much sugar in the blood. This happens when your body has too little insulin (the hormone that transports glucose into the blood), or if your body can't use insulin properly. The condition is most often linked with diabetes.
Hyperglycemia is blood glucose greater than 125 mg/dl (milligrams per deciliter) while fasting (not eating for at least eight hours; a person with a fasting blood glucose greater than 125 mg/dl has diabetes). A person has impaired glucose tolerance, or pre-diabetes, with a fasting blood glucose of 100 mg/dl to 125 mg/dl.
https://sites.google.com/view/type-2-diabetes-diet-sheet/home
Routine blood sugar monitoring with a blood glucose meter is the best way to be sure that your treatment plan is keeping your blood sugar within your target range. Check your blood sugar as often as your health care provider recommends. If you have any symptoms of severe hyperglycemia — even if they seem minor — check your blood sugar level right away. If your blood sugar level is 240 mg/dl (13. 3 mmol/l ) or above, use an over-the-counter urine ketones test kit. If the urine test is positive, your body may have started making the changes that can lead to diabetic ketoacidosis.
High blood sugar, also called hyperglycemia, affects people who have diabetes. Several factors can play a role in hyperglycemia in people with diabetes. They include food and physical activity, illness, and medications not related to diabetes. Skipping doses or not taking enough insulin or other medication to lower blood sugar also can lead to hyperglycemia. It's important to treat hyperglycemia. If it's not treated, hyperglycemia can become severe and cause serious health problems that require emergency care, including a diabetic coma. Hyperglycemia that lasts, even if it's not severe, can lead to health problems that affect the eyes, kidneys, nerves and heart.
What are risk factors for hyperglycemia?
Biguanides
the ada's algorithm to guide healthcare providers in prescribing medications to people with hyperglycemia takes several factors into account. These include age, sex, weight, health history, length of diagnosis, blood sugar level, lifestyle, education, etc. In fact, the ada recommends that a patient-centered approach be used to guide the choice of medications.
Considerations include efficacy, hypoglycemia risk, impact on weight, potential side effects, cost, and patient preferences.
The secondary causes of hyperglycemia include the following: destruction of the pancreas from chronic pancreatitis, hemochromatosis, pancreatic cancer, and cystic fibrosis endocrine disorders that cause peripheral insulin resistance like cushing syndrome, acromegaly, and pheochromocytoma use of medications like glucocorticoids, phenytoin, and estrogens gestational diabetes is known to occur in 4% of all pregnancies and is primarily due to decreased insulin sensitivity total parental nutrition and dextrose infusion reactive as seen postoperatively or in critically ill patients major risk factors for.
Hyperglycemia does not occur in all individuals exposed to diabetogenic drugs but it is more common when several factors are involved, including: (1) host-specific factors such as obesity, insulin resistance or β cell autoimmunity. (2) high doses of diabetogenic medications or multiple medications that affect glucose metabolism (ie, additive effect). (3) environmental influences (eg, diet, stress, illness, lack of physical activity). For some medications, efforts directed at identifying individuals at risk of developing drug-induced hyperglycemia are hindered by its sporadic occurrence. Conversely, risk factors have been better described in patient populations and for medications associated with a higher incidence of hyperglycemia.
What causes hyperglycemia in people with diabetes?
A person with diabetes can take steps to reduce, prevent, and treat blood glucose spikes. These steps include: blood sugar monitoring: it is essential for a person with diabetes to track their blood sugar levels as recommended by their doctor. Blood glucose tests help catch hyperglycemia before it becomes a problem. Exercise: physical activity uses excess glucose in the blood. However, people should avoid exercise if they have severe hyperglycemia and find ketones in their urine. Exercise breaks down more fats and might speed up ketoacidosis. Diet changes: controlling portions during mealtimes and snacking less — along with monitoring carbohydrate quality and quantity — helps keep the amount of glucose at a level the body can handle.
If you work to keep your blood sugar under control -- follow your meal plan, exercise program , and medicine schedule -- you shouldn’t have to worry about hyperglycemia. You can also: know your diet -- count the total amounts of carbs in each meal and snack. Test your blood sugar regularly. Tell your doctor if you have repeated abnormal blood sugar readings. Wear medical identification to let people know you have diabetes in case of an emergency.
Hyperglycemia is the medical term for high blood sugar (high blood glucose). It happens when sugar stays in your bloodstream instead of being used as energy. For people without diabetes, a healthy blood sugar level is about 70 to 140 milligrams per deciliter of blood (mg/dl). For people with diabetes, though, the target or healthy blood sugar range depends on a number of other factors, like their age, how long they’ve had diabetes, and other health conditions they may have. To achieve good long-term glucose control, people with diabetes should focus on the time they spend in their target range, which is typically 70 to 180 mg/dl.
The signs and symptoms include the following: high levels of glucose in the urine frequent urination increased thirst part of managing your diabetes is checking your blood glucose often. Ask your doctor how often you should check and what your glucose sugar levels should be. Checking your blood and then treating high blood glucose early will help you avoid problems associated with hyperglycemia.
If you regularly monitor your blood sugar, you’ll see elevated readings from blood or urine samples. But physical symptoms of the condition may show up as well. In addition to frequent urination , fatigue, and sudden weight loss, symptoms of hyperglycemia may include: intense hunger frequent headaches.
Hyperglycemia is a condition in which an excessive amount of glucose circulates in the blood plasma. This is generally a blood sugar level higher than 11. 1 mmol/l (200 mg/dl ), but symptoms may not start to become noticeable until even higher values such as 13. 9–16. 7 mmol/l (~250–300 mg/dl ). A subject with a consistent range between ~5. 6 and ~7 mmol/l (100–126 mg/dl ) ( american diabetes association guidelines) is considered slightly hyperglycemic, and above 7 mmol/l (126 mg/dl ) is generally held to have diabetes. For diabetics, glucose levels that are considered to be too hyperglycemic can vary from person to person, mainly due to the person's renal threshold of glucose and overall glucose tolerance.